Files
nanobot/nanobot/channels/dingtalk.py
T

813 lines
33 KiB
Python

"""DingTalk/DingDing channel implementation using Stream Mode."""
import asyncio
import json
import mimetypes
import os
import time
import zipfile
from contextlib import suppress
from inspect import isawaitable
from io import BytesIO
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Any
from urllib.parse import unquote, urljoin, urlparse
import httpx
from pydantic import Field
from nanobot.bus.events import OutboundMessage
from nanobot.bus.queue import MessageBus
from nanobot.channels.base import BaseChannel
from nanobot.config.schema import Base
from nanobot.security.network import validate_resolved_url, validate_url_target
DINGTALK_MAX_REMOTE_MEDIA_BYTES = 20 * 1024 * 1024
DINGTALK_MAX_REMOTE_MEDIA_REDIRECTS = 3
try:
from dingtalk_stream import (
AckMessage,
CallbackHandler,
CallbackMessage,
Credential,
DingTalkStreamClient,
)
from dingtalk_stream.chatbot import ChatbotMessage
DINGTALK_AVAILABLE = True
except ImportError:
DINGTALK_AVAILABLE = False
# Fallback so class definitions don't crash at module level
CallbackHandler = object # type: ignore[assignment,misc]
CallbackMessage = None # type: ignore[assignment,misc]
AckMessage = None # type: ignore[assignment,misc]
ChatbotMessage = None # type: ignore[assignment,misc]
class NanobotDingTalkHandler(CallbackHandler):
"""
Standard DingTalk Stream SDK Callback Handler.
Parses incoming messages and forwards them to the Nanobot channel.
"""
def __init__(self, channel: "DingTalkChannel"):
super().__init__()
self.channel = channel
async def process(self, message: CallbackMessage):
"""Process incoming stream message."""
try:
# Parse using SDK's ChatbotMessage for robust handling
chatbot_msg = ChatbotMessage.from_dict(message.data)
# Extract text content; fall back to raw dict if SDK object is empty
content = ""
if chatbot_msg.text:
content = chatbot_msg.text.content.strip()
elif chatbot_msg.extensions.get("content", {}).get("recognition"):
content = chatbot_msg.extensions["content"]["recognition"].strip()
if not content:
content = message.data.get("text", {}).get("content", "").strip()
# Handle file/image messages
file_paths = []
if chatbot_msg.message_type == "picture" and chatbot_msg.image_content:
download_code = chatbot_msg.image_content.download_code
if download_code:
sender_uid = chatbot_msg.sender_staff_id or chatbot_msg.sender_id or "unknown"
fp = await self.channel._download_dingtalk_file(download_code, "image.jpg", sender_uid)
if fp:
file_paths.append(fp)
content = content or "[Image]"
elif chatbot_msg.message_type == "file":
download_code = message.data.get("content", {}).get("downloadCode") or message.data.get("downloadCode")
fname = message.data.get("content", {}).get("fileName") or message.data.get("fileName") or "file"
if download_code:
sender_uid = chatbot_msg.sender_staff_id or chatbot_msg.sender_id or "unknown"
fp = await self.channel._download_dingtalk_file(download_code, fname, sender_uid)
if fp:
file_paths.append(fp)
content = content or "[File]"
elif chatbot_msg.message_type == "richText" and chatbot_msg.rich_text_content:
rich_list = chatbot_msg.rich_text_content.rich_text_list or []
for item in rich_list:
if not isinstance(item, dict):
continue
# A rich-text item may carry text and/or a downloadCode; the
# DingTalk SDK treats them independently, so handle both.
t = item.get("text", "").strip()
if t:
fmt = item.get("type", "")
if fmt == "bold":
formatted = f"**{t}**"
elif fmt == "italic":
formatted = f"*{t}*"
elif fmt == "inlineCode":
formatted = f"`{t}`"
elif fmt == "pre":
formatted = f"```\n{t}\n```"
else:
formatted = t
content = (content + " " + formatted).strip() if content else formatted
if item.get("downloadCode"):
dc = item["downloadCode"]
fname = item.get("fileName") or "file"
sender_uid = chatbot_msg.sender_staff_id or chatbot_msg.sender_id or "unknown"
fp = await self.channel._download_dingtalk_file(dc, fname, sender_uid)
if fp:
file_paths.append(fp)
content = content or "[File]"
if file_paths:
file_list = "\n".join("- " + p for p in file_paths)
content = content + "\n\nReceived files:\n" + file_list
if not content:
self.channel.logger.warning(
"Received empty or unsupported message type: {}",
chatbot_msg.message_type,
)
return AckMessage.STATUS_OK, "OK"
sender_id = chatbot_msg.sender_staff_id or chatbot_msg.sender_id
sender_name = chatbot_msg.sender_nick or "Unknown"
conversation_type = message.data.get("conversationType")
conversation_id = (
message.data.get("conversationId")
or message.data.get("openConversationId")
)
self.channel.logger.info("Received message from {} ({}): {}", sender_name, sender_id, content)
# Forward to Nanobot via _on_message (non-blocking).
# Store reference to prevent GC before task completes.
task = asyncio.create_task(
self.channel._on_message(
content,
sender_id,
sender_name,
conversation_type,
conversation_id,
)
)
self.channel._background_tasks.add(task)
task.add_done_callback(self.channel._background_tasks.discard)
return AckMessage.STATUS_OK, "OK"
except Exception:
self.channel.logger.exception("Error processing message")
# Return OK to avoid retry loop from DingTalk server
return AckMessage.STATUS_OK, "Error"
class DingTalkConfig(Base):
"""DingTalk channel configuration using Stream mode."""
enabled: bool = False
client_id: str = ""
client_secret: str = ""
allow_from: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
allow_remote_media_redirects: bool = False
remote_media_redirect_allowed_hosts: list[str] = Field(default_factory=list)
group_user_isolation: bool = False # If True, each user in group chat gets their own session
class DingTalkChannel(BaseChannel):
"""
DingTalk channel using Stream Mode.
Uses WebSocket to receive events via `dingtalk-stream` SDK.
Uses direct HTTP API to send messages (SDK is mainly for receiving).
Supports both private (1:1) and group chats.
Group chat_id is stored with a "group:" prefix to route replies back.
"""
name = "dingtalk"
display_name = "DingTalk"
_IMAGE_EXTS = {".jpg", ".jpeg", ".png", ".gif", ".bmp", ".webp"}
_AUDIO_EXTS = {".amr", ".mp3", ".wav", ".ogg", ".m4a", ".aac"}
_VIDEO_EXTS = {".mp4", ".mov", ".avi", ".mkv", ".webm"}
_ZIP_BEFORE_UPLOAD_EXTS = {".htm", ".html"}
@classmethod
def default_config(cls) -> dict[str, Any]:
return DingTalkConfig().model_dump(by_alias=True)
def __init__(self, config: Any, bus: MessageBus):
if isinstance(config, dict):
config = DingTalkConfig.model_validate(config)
super().__init__(config, bus)
self.config: DingTalkConfig = config
self._client: Any = None
self._http: httpx.AsyncClient | None = None
self._start_task: asyncio.Task | None = None
# Access Token management for sending messages
self._access_token: str | None = None
self._token_expiry: float = 0
# Hold references to background tasks to prevent GC
self._background_tasks: set[asyncio.Task] = set()
async def start(self) -> None:
"""Start the DingTalk bot with Stream Mode."""
current_task = asyncio.current_task()
self._start_task = current_task
try:
if not DINGTALK_AVAILABLE:
self.logger.error(
"Stream SDK not installed. Run: nanobot plugins enable dingtalk"
)
return
if not self.config.client_id or not self.config.client_secret:
self.logger.error("client_id and client_secret not configured")
return
self._running = True
self._http = httpx.AsyncClient(
timeout=httpx.Timeout(10.0, connect=10.0, read=30.0, write=30.0, pool=10.0)
)
self.logger.info(
"Initializing Stream Client with Client ID: {}...",
self.config.client_id,
)
credential = Credential(self.config.client_id, self.config.client_secret)
self._client = DingTalkStreamClient(credential)
# Register standard handler
handler = NanobotDingTalkHandler(self)
self._client.register_callback_handler(ChatbotMessage.TOPIC, handler)
self.logger.info("bot started with Stream Mode")
# Reconnect loop: restart stream if SDK exits or crashes
while self._running:
try:
await self._client.start()
except Exception as e:
self.logger.warning("stream error: {}", e)
if self._running:
self.logger.info("Reconnecting stream in 5 seconds...")
await asyncio.sleep(5)
except Exception:
self.logger.exception("Failed to start channel")
finally:
self._running = False
if self._start_task is current_task:
self._start_task = None
async def stop(self) -> None:
"""Stop the DingTalk bot."""
self._running = False
await self._close_stream_client()
start_task = self._start_task
if start_task and start_task is not asyncio.current_task() and not start_task.done():
start_task.cancel()
await asyncio.sleep(0)
if not start_task.done():
start_task.cancel()
with suppress(asyncio.CancelledError):
await start_task
self._client = None
# Close the shared HTTP client
if self._http:
await self._http.aclose()
self._http = None
# Cancel outstanding background tasks
for task in self._background_tasks:
task.cancel()
self._background_tasks.clear()
async def _close_stream_client(self) -> None:
client = self._client
if client is None:
return
close = getattr(client, "close", None)
if close is None:
websocket = getattr(client, "websocket", None)
close = getattr(websocket, "close", None)
if close is None:
return
try:
result = close()
if isawaitable(result):
await result
except Exception:
self.logger.debug("DingTalk stream client close failed", exc_info=True)
async def _get_access_token(self) -> str | None:
"""Get or refresh Access Token."""
if self._access_token and time.time() < self._token_expiry:
return self._access_token
url = "https://api.dingtalk.com/v1.0/oauth2/accessToken"
data = {
"appKey": self.config.client_id,
"appSecret": self.config.client_secret,
}
if not self._http:
self.logger.warning("HTTP client not initialized, cannot refresh token")
return None
try:
resp = await self._http.post(url, json=data)
resp.raise_for_status()
res_data = resp.json()
self._access_token = res_data.get("accessToken")
# Expire 60s early to be safe
self._token_expiry = time.time() + int(res_data.get("expireIn", 7200)) - 60
return self._access_token
except Exception:
self.logger.exception("Failed to get access token")
return None
@staticmethod
def _is_http_url(value: str) -> bool:
return urlparse(value).scheme in ("http", "https")
def _guess_upload_type(self, media_ref: str) -> str:
ext = Path(urlparse(media_ref).path).suffix.lower()
if ext in self._IMAGE_EXTS:
return "image"
if ext in self._AUDIO_EXTS:
return "voice"
if ext in self._VIDEO_EXTS:
return "video"
return "file"
def _guess_filename(self, media_ref: str, upload_type: str) -> str:
name = os.path.basename(urlparse(media_ref).path)
return name or {"image": "image.jpg", "voice": "audio.amr", "video": "video.mp4"}.get(upload_type, "file.bin")
@staticmethod
def _zip_bytes(filename: str, data: bytes) -> tuple[bytes, str, str]:
stem = Path(filename).stem or "attachment"
safe_name = filename or "attachment.bin"
zip_name = f"{stem}.zip"
buffer = BytesIO()
with zipfile.ZipFile(buffer, mode="w", compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as archive:
archive.writestr(safe_name, data)
return buffer.getvalue(), zip_name, "application/zip"
def _normalize_upload_payload(
self,
filename: str,
data: bytes,
content_type: str | None,
) -> tuple[bytes, str, str | None]:
ext = Path(filename).suffix.lower()
if ext in self._ZIP_BEFORE_UPLOAD_EXTS or content_type == "text/html":
self.logger.info(
"does not accept raw HTML attachments, zipping {} before upload",
filename,
)
return self._zip_bytes(filename, data)
return data, filename, content_type
def _validate_remote_media_url(self, media_ref: str) -> bool:
ok, err = validate_url_target(media_ref)
if not ok:
self.logger.warning("remote media URL blocked ref={} reason={}", media_ref, err)
return False
return True
def _redirect_host_allowed(self, current_url: str, next_url: str) -> bool:
current_host = (urlparse(current_url).hostname or "").lower()
next_host = (urlparse(next_url).hostname or "").lower()
if not next_host:
return False
if next_host == current_host:
return True
allowed_hosts = {host.lower() for host in self.config.remote_media_redirect_allowed_hosts}
return next_host in allowed_hosts
def _next_remote_media_url(self, current_url: str, location: str | None) -> str | None:
if not self.config.allow_remote_media_redirects:
self.logger.warning("media download redirect refused ref={}", current_url)
return None
if not location:
self.logger.warning("media download redirect without Location ref={}", current_url)
return None
next_url = urljoin(current_url, location)
if not self._redirect_host_allowed(current_url, next_url):
self.logger.warning(
"media download cross-host redirect refused ref={} next={}",
current_url,
next_url,
)
return None
if not self._validate_remote_media_url(next_url):
return None
return next_url
async def _fetch_remote_media_bytes(
self,
media_ref: str,
) -> tuple[bytes | None, str | None]:
"""Fetch a remote media URL with SSRF, redirect, and size checks."""
if not self._http:
return None, None
if not self._validate_remote_media_url(media_ref):
return None, None
try:
# Prefer streaming with a running byte cap so large responses are not
# materialized before the limit is enforced. Test fakes may only
# implement get(), so keep a small compatibility fallback below.
stream = getattr(self._http, "stream", None)
if stream is not None:
current_url = media_ref
for _ in range(DINGTALK_MAX_REMOTE_MEDIA_REDIRECTS + 1):
async with stream("GET", current_url, follow_redirects=False) as resp:
final_ok, final_err = validate_resolved_url(str(resp.url))
if not final_ok:
self.logger.warning(
"remote media redirect blocked ref={} final={} reason={}",
media_ref,
resp.url,
final_err,
)
return None, None
if 300 <= resp.status_code < 400:
next_url = self._next_remote_media_url(
str(resp.url), resp.headers.get("location")
)
if not next_url:
return None, None
current_url = next_url
continue
if resp.status_code >= 400:
self.logger.warning(
"media download failed status={} ref={}",
resp.status_code,
current_url,
)
return None, None
chunks: list[bytes] = []
total = 0
async for chunk in resp.aiter_bytes():
total += len(chunk)
if total > DINGTALK_MAX_REMOTE_MEDIA_BYTES:
self.logger.warning(
"media download too large ref={} bytes>{}",
current_url,
DINGTALK_MAX_REMOTE_MEDIA_BYTES,
)
return None, None
chunks.append(chunk)
return b"".join(chunks), (resp.headers.get("content-type") or "")
self.logger.warning("media download exceeded redirect limit ref={}", media_ref)
return None, None
current_url = media_ref
for _ in range(DINGTALK_MAX_REMOTE_MEDIA_REDIRECTS + 1):
resp = await self._http.get(current_url, follow_redirects=False)
final_ok, final_err = validate_resolved_url(str(getattr(resp, "url", current_url)))
if not final_ok:
self.logger.warning(
"remote media redirect blocked ref={} final={} reason={}",
media_ref,
getattr(resp, "url", current_url),
final_err,
)
return None, None
if 300 <= resp.status_code < 400:
next_url = self._next_remote_media_url(
str(getattr(resp, "url", current_url)), resp.headers.get("location")
)
if not next_url:
return None, None
current_url = next_url
continue
if resp.status_code >= 400:
self.logger.warning(
"media download failed status={} ref={}",
resp.status_code,
current_url,
)
return None, None
if len(resp.content) > DINGTALK_MAX_REMOTE_MEDIA_BYTES:
self.logger.warning(
"media download too large ref={} bytes>{}",
current_url,
DINGTALK_MAX_REMOTE_MEDIA_BYTES,
)
return None, None
return resp.content, (resp.headers.get("content-type") or "")
self.logger.warning("media download exceeded redirect limit ref={}", media_ref)
return None, None
except httpx.TransportError:
self.logger.exception("media download network error ref={}", media_ref)
raise
except Exception:
self.logger.exception("media download error ref={}", media_ref)
return None, None
async def _read_media_bytes(
self,
media_ref: str,
) -> tuple[bytes | None, str | None, str | None]:
if not media_ref:
return None, None, None
if self._is_http_url(media_ref):
data, raw_content_type = await self._fetch_remote_media_bytes(media_ref)
if data is None:
return None, None, None
content_type = (raw_content_type or "").split(";")[0].strip()
filename = self._guess_filename(media_ref, self._guess_upload_type(media_ref))
return data, filename, content_type or None
try:
if media_ref.startswith("file://"):
parsed = urlparse(media_ref)
local_path = Path(unquote(parsed.path))
else:
local_path = Path(os.path.expanduser(media_ref))
if not local_path.is_file():
self.logger.warning("media file not found: {}", local_path)
return None, None, None
data = await asyncio.to_thread(local_path.read_bytes)
content_type = mimetypes.guess_type(local_path.name)[0]
return data, local_path.name, content_type
except Exception:
self.logger.exception("media read error ref={}", media_ref)
return None, None, None
async def _upload_media(
self,
token: str,
data: bytes,
media_type: str,
filename: str,
content_type: str | None,
) -> str | None:
if not self._http:
return None
url = f"https://oapi.dingtalk.com/media/upload?access_token={token}&type={media_type}"
mime = content_type or mimetypes.guess_type(filename)[0] or "application/octet-stream"
files = {"media": (filename, data, mime)}
try:
resp = await self._http.post(url, files=files)
text = resp.text
result = resp.json() if resp.headers.get("content-type", "").startswith("application/json") else {}
if resp.status_code >= 400:
self.logger.error("media upload failed status={} type={} body={}", resp.status_code, media_type, text[:500])
return None
errcode = result.get("errcode", 0)
if errcode != 0:
self.logger.error("media upload api error type={} errcode={} body={}", media_type, errcode, text[:500])
return None
sub = result.get("result") or {}
media_id = result.get("media_id") or result.get("mediaId") or sub.get("media_id") or sub.get("mediaId")
if not media_id:
self.logger.error("media upload missing media_id body={}", text[:500])
return None
return str(media_id)
except httpx.TransportError:
self.logger.exception("media upload network error type={}", media_type)
raise
except Exception:
self.logger.exception("media upload error type={}", media_type)
return None
async def _send_batch_message(
self,
token: str,
chat_id: str,
msg_key: str,
msg_param: dict[str, Any],
) -> bool:
if not self._http:
self.logger.warning("HTTP client not initialized, cannot send")
return False
headers = {"x-acs-dingtalk-access-token": token}
if chat_id.startswith("group:"):
# Group chat
url = "https://api.dingtalk.com/v1.0/robot/groupMessages/send"
payload = {
"robotCode": self.config.client_id,
"openConversationId": chat_id[6:], # Remove "group:" prefix,
"msgKey": msg_key,
"msgParam": json.dumps(msg_param, ensure_ascii=False),
}
else:
# Private chat
url = "https://api.dingtalk.com/v1.0/robot/oToMessages/batchSend"
payload = {
"robotCode": self.config.client_id,
"userIds": [chat_id],
"msgKey": msg_key,
"msgParam": json.dumps(msg_param, ensure_ascii=False),
}
try:
resp = await self._http.post(url, json=payload, headers=headers)
body = resp.text
if resp.status_code != 200:
self.logger.error("send failed msgKey={} status={} body={}", msg_key, resp.status_code, body[:500])
return False
try:
result = resp.json()
except Exception:
result = {}
errcode = result.get("errcode")
if errcode not in (None, 0):
self.logger.error("send api error msgKey={} errcode={} body={}", msg_key, errcode, body[:500])
return False
self.logger.debug("message sent to {} with msgKey={}", chat_id, msg_key)
return True
except httpx.TransportError:
self.logger.exception("network error sending message msgKey={}", msg_key)
raise
except Exception:
self.logger.exception("Error sending message msgKey={}", msg_key)
return False
async def _send_markdown_text(self, token: str, chat_id: str, content: str) -> bool:
return await self._send_batch_message(
token,
chat_id,
"sampleMarkdown",
{"text": content, "title": "Nanobot Reply"},
)
async def _send_media_ref(self, token: str, chat_id: str, media_ref: str) -> bool:
media_ref = (media_ref or "").strip()
if not media_ref:
return True
upload_type = self._guess_upload_type(media_ref)
if upload_type == "image" and self._is_http_url(media_ref):
ok = await self._send_batch_message(
token,
chat_id,
"sampleImageMsg",
{"photoURL": media_ref},
)
if ok:
return True
self.logger.warning("image url send failed, trying upload fallback: {}", media_ref)
data, filename, content_type = await self._read_media_bytes(media_ref)
if not data:
self.logger.error("media read failed: {}", media_ref)
return False
filename = filename or self._guess_filename(media_ref, upload_type)
data, filename, content_type = self._normalize_upload_payload(filename, data, content_type)
file_type = Path(filename).suffix.lower().lstrip(".")
if not file_type:
guessed = mimetypes.guess_extension(content_type or "")
file_type = (guessed or ".bin").lstrip(".")
if file_type == "jpeg":
file_type = "jpg"
media_id = await self._upload_media(
token=token,
data=data,
media_type=upload_type,
filename=filename,
content_type=content_type,
)
if not media_id:
return False
if upload_type == "image":
# Verified in production: sampleImageMsg accepts media_id in photoURL.
ok = await self._send_batch_message(
token,
chat_id,
"sampleImageMsg",
{"photoURL": media_id},
)
if ok:
return True
self.logger.warning("image media_id send failed, falling back to file: {}", media_ref)
return await self._send_batch_message(
token,
chat_id,
"sampleFile",
{"mediaId": media_id, "fileName": filename, "fileType": file_type},
)
async def send(self, msg: OutboundMessage) -> None:
"""Send a message through DingTalk."""
token = await self._get_access_token()
if not token:
raise RuntimeError("DingTalk access token unavailable")
if msg.content and msg.content.strip():
if not await self._send_markdown_text(token, msg.chat_id, msg.content.strip()):
raise RuntimeError("DingTalk text message was not delivered")
for media_ref in msg.media or []:
ok = await self._send_media_ref(token, msg.chat_id, media_ref)
if ok:
continue
self.logger.error("media send failed for {}", media_ref)
# Send visible fallback so failures are observable by the user.
filename = self._guess_filename(media_ref, self._guess_upload_type(media_ref))
if not await self._send_markdown_text(
token,
msg.chat_id,
f"[Attachment send failed: {filename}]",
):
raise RuntimeError("DingTalk attachment fallback was not delivered")
async def _on_message(
self,
content: str,
sender_id: str,
sender_name: str,
conversation_type: str | None = None,
conversation_id: str | None = None,
) -> None:
"""Handle incoming message (called by NanobotDingTalkHandler).
Delegates to BaseChannel._handle_message() which enforces allow_from
permission checks before publishing to the bus.
"""
try:
self.logger.info("inbound: {} from {}", content, sender_name)
is_group = conversation_type == "2" and conversation_id
chat_id = f"group:{conversation_id}" if is_group else sender_id
session_key = None
if is_group and self.config.group_user_isolation:
session_key = f"{self.name}:group:{conversation_id}:{sender_id}"
await self._handle_message(
sender_id=sender_id,
chat_id=chat_id,
content=str(content),
metadata={
"sender_name": sender_name,
"platform": "dingtalk",
"conversation_type": conversation_type,
},
session_key=session_key,
)
except Exception:
self.logger.exception("Error publishing message")
async def _download_dingtalk_file(
self,
download_code: str,
filename: str,
sender_id: str,
) -> str | None:
"""Download a DingTalk file to the media directory, return local path."""
from nanobot.config.paths import get_media_dir
try:
token = await self._get_access_token()
if not token or not self._http:
self.logger.error("file download: no token or http client")
return None
# Step 1: Exchange downloadCode for a temporary download URL
api_url = "https://api.dingtalk.com/v1.0/robot/messageFiles/download"
headers = {"x-acs-dingtalk-access-token": token, "Content-Type": "application/json"}
payload = {"downloadCode": download_code, "robotCode": self.config.client_id}
resp = await self._http.post(api_url, json=payload, headers=headers)
if resp.status_code != 200:
self.logger.error("get download URL failed: status={}, body={}", resp.status_code, resp.text)
return None
result = resp.json()
download_url = result.get("downloadUrl")
if not download_url:
self.logger.error("download URL not found in response: {}", result)
return None
# Step 2: Download the file content
file_resp = await self._http.get(download_url, follow_redirects=True)
if file_resp.status_code != 200:
self.logger.error("file download failed: status={}", file_resp.status_code)
return None
# Save to media directory (accessible under workspace)
download_dir = get_media_dir("dingtalk") / sender_id
download_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
file_path = download_dir / filename
await asyncio.to_thread(file_path.write_bytes, file_resp.content)
self.logger.info("file saved: {}", file_path)
return str(file_path)
except Exception:
self.logger.exception("file download error")
return None