diff --git a/nanobot/providers/github_copilot_provider.py b/nanobot/providers/github_copilot_provider.py
index 69646ff3..45c9f3d6 100644
--- a/nanobot/providers/github_copilot_provider.py
+++ b/nanobot/providers/github_copilot_provider.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import asyncio
 import os
 import time
 import webbrowser
@@ -174,6 +175,7 @@ class GitHubCopilotProvider(OpenAICompatProvider):
 
         self._copilot_access_token: str | None = None
         self._copilot_expires_at: float = 0.0
+        self._copilot_token_lock: asyncio.Lock = asyncio.Lock()
         super().__init__(
             api_key="no-key",
             api_base=_resolve("NANOBOT_COPILOT_BASE_URL", DEFAULT_COPILOT_BASE_URL),
@@ -191,31 +193,40 @@ class GitHubCopilotProvider(OpenAICompatProvider):
         if self._copilot_access_token and now < self._copilot_expires_at - _EXPIRY_SKEW_SECONDS:
             return self._copilot_access_token
 
-        github_token = _load_github_token()
-        if not github_token or not github_token.access:
-            raise RuntimeError("GitHub Copilot is not logged in. Run: nanobot provider login github-copilot")
+        async with self._copilot_token_lock:
+            # Re-check after acquiring the lock: another task may have refreshed
+            # the token while we were waiting.
+            now = time.time()
+            if self._copilot_access_token and now < self._copilot_expires_at - _EXPIRY_SKEW_SECONDS:
+                return self._copilot_access_token
 
-        timeout = httpx.Timeout(20.0, connect=20.0)
-        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=timeout, follow_redirects=True, trust_env=True) as client:
-            response = await client.get(
-                _resolve("NANOBOT_COPILOT_TOKEN_URL", DEFAULT_COPILOT_TOKEN_URL),
-                headers=_copilot_headers(github_token.access),
-            )
-            response.raise_for_status()
-            payload = response.json()
+            github_token = _load_github_token()
+            if not github_token or not github_token.access:
+                raise RuntimeError(
+                    "GitHub Copilot is not logged in. Run: nanobot provider login github-copilot"
+                )
 
-        token = payload.get("token")
-        if not token:
-            raise RuntimeError("GitHub Copilot token exchange returned no token.")
+            timeout = httpx.Timeout(20.0, connect=20.0)
+            async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=timeout, follow_redirects=True, trust_env=True) as client:
+                response = await client.get(
+                    _resolve("NANOBOT_COPILOT_TOKEN_URL", DEFAULT_COPILOT_TOKEN_URL),
+                    headers=_copilot_headers(github_token.access),
+                )
+                response.raise_for_status()
+                payload = response.json()
 
-        expires_at = payload.get("expires_at")
-        if isinstance(expires_at, (int, float)):
-            self._copilot_expires_at = float(expires_at)
-        else:
-            refresh_in = payload.get("refresh_in") or 1500
-            self._copilot_expires_at = time.time() + int(refresh_in)
-        self._copilot_access_token = str(token)
-        return self._copilot_access_token
+            token = payload.get("token")
+            if not token:
+                raise RuntimeError("GitHub Copilot token exchange returned no token.")
+
+            expires_at = payload.get("expires_at")
+            if isinstance(expires_at, (int, float)):
+                self._copilot_expires_at = float(expires_at)
+            else:
+                refresh_in = payload.get("refresh_in") or 1500
+                self._copilot_expires_at = time.time() + int(refresh_in)
+            self._copilot_access_token = str(token)
+            return self._copilot_access_token
 
     async def _refresh_client_api_key(self) -> str:
         token = await self._get_copilot_access_token()
diff --git a/tests/providers/test_github_copilot_concurrent_token.py b/tests/providers/test_github_copilot_concurrent_token.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..cf595c87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/providers/test_github_copilot_concurrent_token.py
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+"""Regression tests for concurrent token refresh in GitHubCopilotProvider (#4677)."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+from types import SimpleNamespace
+
+import pytest
+
+from nanobot.providers import github_copilot_provider as gc
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_concurrent_token_refresh_fetches_once(monkeypatch):
+    """Two concurrent _get_copilot_access_token calls should trigger only one
+    HTTP fetch when the token is expired, not two."""
+    monkeypatch.setattr(gc, "_load_github_token", lambda: SimpleNamespace(access="github-token"))
+
+    fetch_count = 0
+
+    class FakeResponse:
+        def raise_for_status(self):
+            pass
+
+        def json(self):
+            return {"token": "copilot-token", "refresh_in": 1500}
+
+    class FakeAsyncClient:
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        async def __aenter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        async def __aexit__(self, *args):
+            return False
+
+        async def get(self, url, *, headers):
+            nonlocal fetch_count
+            fetch_count += 1
+            # Simulate network latency so both coroutines overlap before the
+            # lock serializes them.
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.05)
+            return FakeResponse()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(gc.httpx, "AsyncClient", FakeAsyncClient)
+
+    provider = gc.GitHubCopilotProvider()
+    # Force token expiry.
+    provider._copilot_access_token = None
+    provider._copilot_expires_at = 0.0
+
+    token_a, token_b = await asyncio.gather(
+        provider._get_copilot_access_token(),
+        provider._get_copilot_access_token(),
+    )
+
+    assert token_a == "copilot-token"
+    assert token_b == "copilot-token"
+    assert fetch_count == 1, (
+        f"Expected exactly 1 token fetch under concurrency, got {fetch_count}"
+    )
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_second_call_returns_cached_token_while_first_in_flight(monkeypatch):
+    """If task A is mid-fetch inside the lock, task B should wait, then find
+    the cached token and skip the HTTP call entirely."""
+    monkeypatch.setattr(gc, "_load_github_token", lambda: SimpleNamespace(access="github-token"))
+
+    fetch_count = 0
+
+    class FakeResponse:
+        def raise_for_status(self):
+            pass
+
+        def json(self):
+            return {"token": "cached-token", "refresh_in": 1500}
+
+    class FakeAsyncClient:
+        def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            pass
+
+        async def __aenter__(self):
+            return self
+
+        async def __aexit__(self, *args):
+            return False
+
+        async def get(self, url, *, headers):
+            nonlocal fetch_count
+            fetch_count += 1
+            await asyncio.sleep(0.1)
+            return FakeResponse()
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(gc.httpx, "AsyncClient", FakeAsyncClient)
+
+    provider = gc.GitHubCopilotProvider()
+    provider._copilot_access_token = None
+    provider._copilot_expires_at = 0.0
+
+    # Start task A, let it acquire the lock and begin the HTTP fetch.
+    task_a = asyncio.create_task(provider._get_copilot_access_token())
+    await asyncio.sleep(0.02)  # task A is now inside the lock, mid-fetch
+
+    # Task B starts while A is still in flight.
+    token_b = await provider._get_copilot_access_token()
+    token_a = await task_a
+
+    assert token_a == "cached-token"
+    assert token_b == "cached-token"
+    assert fetch_count == 1
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_copilot_token_lock_exists():
+    """Provider should have an asyncio.Lock for token refresh."""
+    provider = gc.GitHubCopilotProvider()
+    assert isinstance(provider._copilot_token_lock, asyncio.Lock)